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河南省发展民营科技企业条例(2004年)

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河南省发展民营科技企业条例(2004年)

河南省人大常委会


河南省发展民营科技企业条例

(1999年3月26日河南省第九届人民代表大会常务委员会第八次会议通过 根据2004年11月26日河南省第十届人民代表大会常务委员会第十二次会议通过的《河南省人民代表大会常务委员会关于修改〈河南省发展民营科技企业条例〉的决定》修正)
      
  

第一条 为了发展民营科技企业,保障民营科技企业的合法权益,推动科技进步和经济发展,根据《中华人民共和国科学技术进步法》及有关法律、法规,结合本省实际,制定本条例。

第二条 本条例所称民营科技企业是指以科技人员为主体,以技术创新和科技成果转化为主要特征,实行自筹资金、自愿组合、自主经营、自负盈亏的经济实体。民营科技企业包括实行集体经济、合作经济、股份制经济、私营经济的科技企业和国有企业、事业单位开办的实行民营的科技企业。

第三条 民营科技企业是发展科技事业和高新技术产业的重要力量。各级人民政府应当将发展民营科技企业纳入国民经济和社会发展计划,促使民营科技企业按照国家产业政策和技术政策进行研究开发和生产经营,鼓励、扶持、引导和保障民营科技企业发展。

第四条 县级以上人民政府科技行政部门应当对民营科技企业的发展统筹规划、综合协调,做好对民营科技企业统计、人才教育培训、信息咨询、科研技术开发项目立项、科技产品认定、科技成果鉴定等工作。其他有关部门按其职责加强管理和服务,为民营科技企业发展创造条件。

第五条 民营科技企业依法设立。其经营活动应当以技术开发、技术转让、技术咨询、技术服务以及高新技术产品研制、中间试验、生产、推广、销售为主。

民营科技企业应当合法拥有科技成果、新技术产品、专有技术、专利等,或者具备与其经营活动相应的技术能力;有与其业务范围相适应的专业人员,其中科技人员的比例达到百分之二十以上。

第六条 民营科技企业由其所在地的县级以上人民政府科技行政部门按照科技企业管理权限认定,并定期审核。

第七条 民营科技企业的合法权益受法律保护,同时享有下列权利:

(一)国家和省规定的税收优惠待遇;

(二)承担科技计划项目;

(三)申请科技成果、新产品鉴定和高新技术企业、高新技术产品认定,被认定为高新技术企业的,享受相应的优惠待遇;

(四)申报科技成果奖励;

(五)申请贷款;

(六)申请基本建设项目;

(七)选聘接纳高等院校、中等专业学校毕业生和专业技术人员;

(八)合法拥有的知识产权经评估后,按国家规定作为注册资本;

(九)国家和本省对科技企业规定的其他权利。

第八条 民营科技企业应当遵守法律、法规,服从和维护国家利益,履行下列义务:

(一)依法经营和纳税;

(二)保守国家秘密;

(三)不损害社会公共利益,不侵害他人合法权益;

(四)履行依法订立的合同;

(五)保证产品质量和服务质量,对用户和消费者负责,不生产经营伪劣产品,不以虚假技术、信息等欺骗用户和消费者;

(六)完善环境保护措施;

(七)办理职工医疗、失业、养老等社会保险;

(八)建立健全劳动安全保护、职业病防治等制度;

(九)保障工会依法活动,维护职工合法权益;

(十)接受政府及有关部门的管理、指导和监督。

第九条 国有企业、科研单位、高等院校、中等专业学校及其他社会力量可以依法创办、领办、联办民营科技企业。

鼓励高等院校和中等专业学校毕业生、社会团体和企业事业单位的科技人员、离休退休和非在职的科技人员创办、领办民营科技企业或到民营科技企业工作。

第十条 境外、省外科技人员来本省创办、领办民营科技企业或者到民营科技企业工作的,享受本省规定的优惠待遇。

民营科技企业聘用拥有重大科技成果和具有较高技术水平的外地科技人员,当地人民政府应当在落户和子女入学等方面给予照顾。

第十一条 支持民营科技企业按照自愿、互利的原则,与不同所有制和不同类型的企业、科研单位、高等院校、中等专业学校进行经济技术合作,或者依法互相参股、兼并、合并,组成新企业或企业集团。

第十二条 民营科技企业应当做到产权关系明晰,组织制度健全,经营机制完善,管理科学,行为规范。

第十三条 民营科技企业进行研究开发和生产所需的特殊生产资料,有关部门应当按照规定供给。

第十四条 金融机构应当根据国家信贷政策支持民营科技企业发展,对有信誉、科技含量高、发展速度快、经济效益好的民营科技企业及其项目,优先予以资金支持。

政府支持有关单位和企业建立和完善民营科技企业贷款担保机制。

第十五条 依法设立的有关基金应当支持民营科技企业的发展,扶持其按照国家产业政策和技术政策进行研究开发和生产经营。

第十六条 民营科技企业可以依法在境外投资或者设立分支机构、销售网点。

民营科技企业进行国际贸易的,有权自主选择外贸代理机构;具备条件并履行规定手续的,享有进出口经营权。

第十七条 民营科技企业可以依照国家规定从境外引进资金、技术、人才和设备,或者与外商合资经营、合作经营。

第十八条 民营科技企业的科技人员出境进行学术交流、科技考察、科技合作、科技展览、商务洽谈等活动,有关部门应当及时办理审批手续。

第十九条 科技人员、高等院校和中等专业学校毕业生到民营科技企业工作的,其工龄计算按国家有关规定执行,人事档案可以存放在人才交流机构。

第二十条 在民营科技企业工作的专业技术人员,可以根据其学术水平、业务能力和工作实绩,取得相应的专业技术职称(资格),其职务聘任和待遇,由所在企业自主决定。

第二十一条 民营科技企业科技人员的智力成果可以依法参与收益分配。民营科技企业实行股份制的,科技人员的专利技术和非专利技术,可以按照国家有关规定折价入股。

第二十二条 民营科技企业应当尊重科技人员的知识、技术成果和权益,采取各种措施,发挥科技人员的作用,改善其工作和生活条件。

科技人员应当积极发挥技术专长,履行职责,维护企业的合法权益。

第二十三条 民营科技企业应当遵守国家规定的会计、审计、统计等制度,按时编报财务、统计报表,将企业的科技投入、科技人员、科技成果以及开发经营等有关情况,及时统计报送所在地科技行政部门和其他有关部门。

第二十四条 民营科技企业有权拒绝不符合国家和本省规定的各种摊派、收费、罚款和集资。

第二十五条 各级人民政府或科技行政部门对在经济建设和社会发展中做出突出贡献的民营科技企业和民营科技企业的科技人员,应当给予表彰或奖励。

第二十六条 有下列行为之一的单位和个人,应当依法承担民事责任、行政责任;构成犯罪的,依法追究刑事责任:

(一)剽窃、篡改、假冒或者以其他方式侵害民营科技企业知识产权和其他科技成果权的;

(二)侵犯民营科技企业的技术经济权益和商业秘密的;

(三)侵占民营科技企业财产或违反规定向民营科技企业摊派、收费、罚款、集资的;

(四)侵害民营科技企业其他合法权益的。

第二十七条 民营科技企业违反法律、法规,损害国家利益和社会公共利益,侵害他人合法权益的,依法承担相应的责任。

第二十八条 国家机关及其工作人员违反本条例规定,侵害民营科技企业合法权益的,由其主管部门或监察部门给予行政处分;造成损失的,应当依法承担赔偿责任;

构成犯罪的,依法追究刑事责任。

第二十九条 本条例自1999年5月1日起施行。




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国务院办公厅转发国家旅游局关于加强旅游工作意见的通知(附英文)

国务院办公厅


国务院办公厅转发国家旅游局关于加强旅游工作意见的通知(附英文)
国务院办公厅


国家旅游局《关于加强旅游工作的意见》已经国务院同意,现转发给你们,请结合本地区、本部门的实际情况贯彻执行。 旅游业是一项综合性事业,涉及航空、交通、文化、建设、轻工、纺织、商业等许多部门,各有关部门要积极配合和支持,共同努力,推动我国旅游事业更加健康
、协调地发展。关于加强旅游工作的意见 党的十一届三中全会以来,在改革、开放方针的指引下,我国旅游事业迅速发展,在增加我国非贸易外汇收入、促进对外经济贸易和文化交流、增进同世界各国人民的相互了解和友谊等方面发挥了积极作用。目前我国旅游业的发展已具备了相当的
基础和进一步加快发展的基本条件,国际旅游业持续稳定发展的大趋势也有利于我们把旅游事业搞上去。为进一步加强对旅游工作的协调管理,争取我国旅游业有一个更大的发展,现提出如下意见:
一、加强旅游管理工作,搞好各级旅游管理机构改革。各省、自治区、直辖市人民政府及旅游重点城市,特别是旅游资源比较丰富的热点地区,要按照党政分开、政企分开和精简、统一的原则,从当地情况和发展国际国内旅游业的需要出发,结合地方机构改革,统筹安排,建立健全旅
游管理机构。各级旅游管理部门要切实转变职能,划清职责范围,合理配置机构。为切实搞好政企分开,需做到:(一)旅游部门主管领导不得兼任地方旅游公司、旅行社或饭店的经理;(二)旅游局与其直属企业要在人、财、物管理方面完全分开,使旅游企业真正做到自主经营、自负盈
亏;(三)各级旅游管理部门开展旅游业务的费用,由各级财政安排。为了加强旅游管理部门与旅游经营单位之间的联系,国家旅游局将根据工作需要,适当调整“中国旅游协会”、“中国旅游饭店协会”,成立“中国国内旅游协会”,协助旅游主管部门协调与各有关部门的关系,研究指
导国内旅游业发展中的有关事宜。
二、进一步明确国家旅游局的行业管理范围和管理权限,建立分级管理的办法和制度。全国所有的旅游企业事业单位,包括旅游院校和科研单位,经营国际、国内旅游业务的旅行社,各类旅游涉外饭店、宾馆、餐馆及旅游车船公司,对外开放的重点旅游风景区、游览点、旅游商品经销
店以及派驻国外的旅游办事机构、国外在华开设的旅游办事机构等,其隶属关系均不变,但旅游局要按照国家的有关规定,实行行业管理和检查监督。各级旅游管理部门对各级各类旅游企业,要一视同仁。国家旅游局要按此原则,会同有关部门研究制定分级管理办法,并严格旅游企业审批
制度。所有旅游企事业单位都要接受行业管理和监督。
三、全面深化改革,实行承包经营责任制。各级旅游管理部门和办有旅游企业的部门,可结合本地区、本部门的具体情况,根据国家有关规定,研究提出在国营、集体旅游企业实行承包经营责任制的具体计划和实施步骤,并使之配套、完善和深化。在实行承包经营责任制中,可根据不
同工作性质(旅行社、旅游涉外饭店、旅游车船队等)和不同经营情况(盈利企业、还贷企业、亏损企业等),采取不同的承包经营方式。凡是有外汇收入的企业,要承包创汇指标,并制定相应的结汇管理办法。有条件的企业,可以逐步建立企业风险基金。要采取招标招聘等多种形式,通
过竞争确定承包者。承包合同期限,一般不应少于3年。承包合同一经确定,承发包双方都要严格履行,不得违反。实行承包经营责任制,要和改进企业管理、促进企业内部管理制度的改革紧密结合起来,按照责、权、利相结合的原则,进一步改革和完善企业的劳动工资制度,严格考核和
奖罚制度。
四、改革旅行社管理体制。鼓励、支持国旅、中旅、青旅三大骨干旅行社向建立企业联合体和企业集团的方向发展。对已开办的各类旅行社,国家旅游局和地方旅游管理部门要按照《旅行社管理暂行条例》和《旅行社管理暂行条例实施细则》进行考核和整顿。各类旅行社都要切实搞好
企业内部改革,进一步挖掘潜力,促进经营管理水平和服务质量的提高。
五、加强旅游对外宣传招徕工作,努力开拓国际客源市场。国家旅游局要进一步加强对国际客源市场的调查研究,制定开拓国际市场的具体规划并组织实施。驻外旅游办事处要搞好国际旅游市场调研和宣传招徕,负责各外联单位在外宣传招徕的管理工作,积极开展与驻在国有关机构、
旅行社和旅游批发商等的联系,并注意搜集和反馈有关信息。各驻外办事机构在驻在国法律许可的范围内,也可酌情开展一些有偿服务或经营性活动。各外联单位在对外推销旅游线路时,要互相配合,顾全大局,不得低于保护价竞销或相互贬低。鼓励提倡各外联单位自愿组织起来,开展对
外联合推销。对于违反外联纪律的,国家旅游局和地方旅游管理部门要根据情节轻重给予行政处分或经济处罚。为适应我国旅游业发展的需要,旅游宣传推销经费可逐年有所增加。今后各外联单位开展对外联合推销活动,可采取收费的办法,凡参加及受益单位均需缴纳一定费用。
六、加强对新建旅游涉外饭店的宏观管理,推进饭店管理制度改革。各级旅游管理部门要认真贯彻执行今年9月22日国务院发布的《楼堂馆所建设管理暂行条例》,会同当地计划部门,对本地区旅游涉外饭店项目进行认真清理。今后,各地一般不要再建设高档旅游涉外饭店。温冷点
地区可根据旅游客源市场需求,酌建中低档饭店(可视需要在中档饭店内设若干高档房间)。北京、上海、广州、桂林、西安、杭州等旅游热点城市,原则上不再批准中外合资或合作建造饭店。要按照国办发〔1988〕17号文件精神,加快建立我国自己的饭店管理公司。对确需新建中
外合资、合作饭店的,必须按照国发〔1986〕101号和国办发〔1988〕32号文件有关规定办理。对于由国家旅游局投资或参与投资建设的旅游风景区和游览点,地方旅游管理部门要参与领导和管理。推进饭店管理制度的改革。全国旅游涉外饭店星级评定工作,已有具体标准和
实施办法,要抓紧进行,争取明年底完成。要逐步建立旅游涉外饭店(包括各类旅行社和旅游车船公司)营业许可证发放和吊销制度。旅游主管部门对有严重违法乱纪行为的旅游企业,可建议工商行政管理部门吊销其营业执照。
七、审慎进行旅游价格方面的改革,加强对旅游外汇收支及结汇的管理。旅游价格问题直接关系到国家的利益和声誉,要不断进行调查研究,作出审慎的改革,并按规定报批。要充分考虑适应国际竞争需要,根据不同旅游路线、不同季节等特点,改革价格结构模式,更加科学、合理地
制定价格(国家旅游局和国家物价局今后主要是制定最高限价和最低保护价)。价格原则一经确定,各级、各类旅游企业都应严格执行。对于违反价格纪律的,要严肃处理。 国家旅游局要会同国家统计局、国家外汇管理局、财政部、中国银行等部门,在加强对旅游外汇收支统计工作的同
时,进一步加强对旅游外汇的收支管理,建立旅游外汇结汇制度,并纳入计划;要研究制定《旅游外汇管理办法》和《旅游外汇财务管理办法》,报国务院批准后实施,以尽快扭转目前旅游外汇收入流失严重的状况。
八、大力发展旅游商品、旅游纪念品的生产和销售,进一步提高我国旅游业的创汇水平和经济效益。搞好旅游商品、旅游纪念品的生产和销售是旅游业一个重要组成部分,也是为国家创汇的重要途径之一。要逐步建立起全国旅游商品、旅游纪念品的生产和销售网络。要以国家旅游局所
属的“中国旅游服务公司”系统、轻工部现有的“中国旅游产品生产供应公司”系统、商业部现有的“中国友谊服务公司”系统为基础,发挥其主导作用,进一步扩大业务,形成各具特色、经营不同旅游商品和旅游纪念品的企业体系。这些企业系统,可以有计划地兴办一批旅游纪念品生产
基地和研究国际旅游商品、旅游纪念品市场行情、开发新产品的科研单位,逐步使科研开发与产供销紧密结合。要鼓励各地特别是旅游重点地区大力发展具有民族风格、地方特色的旅游商品和旅游纪念品的生产,增加花色品种,广开货源渠道,改善销售服务,加强市场管理。要落实国务院
早已确定的“旅游商品创汇视同外贸出口创汇”的规定,并研究制定具体办法;对外贸出口中属于非实行出口许可证管理的商品,要进一步扩大对国外旅游者的销售;旅游商品、旅游纪念品的销售价格,要根据不同商品的货源情况、国际市场行情和经贸部门的具体销售方针,灵活掌握;发
展旅游商品、旅游纪念品生产所需国内紧缺的专用原材料,各级物资部门要纳入供货渠道;必须由国家统一进口的原材料,要纳入国家进口计划;对所需进口的专用原材料,按国办发〔1987〕16号文件有关规定执行。北京、上海、广州是海外旅游者出入境的三大口岸,要逐步建设成
为亚洲地区有一定规模和声誉的旅游购物城市。 目前一些旅游涉外饭店用大量外汇进口内装修材料、卫生洁具、机电设备和零部件,为尽快改变这种状况,今后对凡属于国内已能生产的产品,价格合理,质量、交货期等方面又能保证需要的,应一律停止进口。建议由有关部门提出限制进
口的产品目录,并由行业归口管理部门进行审批。
九、加强旅游从业人员的队伍建设,抓好职业道德和职业纪律教育。要进一步抓好旅游院校教育工作和从业人员的培训工作,大力培养不同层次、不同类别的旅游专业人才。要强化职业道德和职业纪律教育,不断提高旅游从业人员的政治、业务素质,树立旅游职业的光荣感和责任感,
反对各种不正之风,进一步提高旅游服务质量,搞好优质服务,使我国旅游业在国际上建立良好的信誉和形象。
十、加强与各有关部门的协调配合。旅游业是一项综合性事业,其发展不仅取决于旅游部门本身的工作,而且与航空、交通、城建、园林、文物、文化、轻工、纺织、商业、宗教事务等很多部门的工作紧密相关。旅游业又是一项跨地区的行业,大量的组织工作和实际工作要靠地方去做
,需要协调一致。各级旅游管理部门要进一步与有关部门密切配合,共同努力,促进我国旅游事业更加健康协调地发展。

CIRCULAR OF THE GENERAL OFFICE UNDER THE STATE COUNCIL ON THEAPPROVAL AND TRANSMISSION OF A REPORT SUBMITTED BY THE NATIONAL TOURISMADMINISTRATION CONCERNING THE STRENGTHENING OF TOURIST WORK

Important Notice: (注意事项)

英文本源自中华人民共和国务院法制局编译, 中国法制出版社出版的《中华人民共和国涉外法规汇编》(1991年7月版).
当发生歧意时, 应以法律法规颁布单位发布的中文原文为准.
This English document is coming from the "LAWS AND REGULATIONS OF THE
PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA GOVERNING FOREIGN-RELATED MATTERS" (1991.7)
which is compiled by the Brueau of Legislative Affairs of the State
Council of the People's Republic of China, and is published by the China
Legal System Publishing House.
In case of discrepancy, the original version in Chinese shall prevail.

Whole Document (法规全文)

CIRCULAR OF THE GENERAL OFFICE UNDER THE STATE COUNCIL ON THE
APPROVAL AND TRANSMISSION OF A REPORT SUBMITTED BY THE NATIONAL TOURISM
ADMINISTRATION CONCERNING THE STRENGTHENING OF TOURIST WORK
(December 21, 1988)
The Report, "Suggestions Concerning the Strengthening of Tourist Work",
submitted by the National Tourism Administration, has been approved by the
State Council and is hereby transmitted to you for implementation in the
light of the actual conditions of the respective localities and
departments.
The tourist industry is a comprehensive undertaking which involves
departments such as aviation, communications, culture, construction, light
industry, textile industry, and commerce. All the departments concerned
shall coordinate and support each other and make joint efforts to promote
the sound and coordinated development of tourism in our country.
SUGGESTIONS CONCERNING THE STRENGTHENING OF TOURIST WORK
Since the conclusion of the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central
Committee of the Communist Party of China, under the guidance of the
policy of reform and opening to the outside world, tourism has been
developing very rapidly in our country; and it has played an active part
in increasing our country's non-trade foreign exchange earnings, in
boosting international trade and cultural exchange, and in promoting the
mutual understanding and friendship between peoples throughout the world.
At present, our country possesses a fairly good foundation for the
development of tourism and the necessary conditions for speeding up such
development. The general trend of continuous and steady development of the
international tourism is also favourable to us for promoting our tourist
industry. In order to further strengthen the coordinated administration of
tourist work and strive for a greater development of our tourist industry,
we hereby advance the following suggestions:

1. Strengthening the administration of the tourist industry and doing a
good job in the reform of tourism administration organs at various levels.
The people's governments of various provinces, autonomous regions, and
municipalities directly under the Central Government, as well as tourist
cities, especially those favourite haunts with relatively rich tourist
resources, shall, in accordance with the principles of "separating Party
organs from government organs", "separating government organs from
enterprises", and "simplified and unified administration", and in the
light of local conditions and needs of the development of international
and domestic tourism, set up and improve the tourism administration organs
by combining them with the reform of local setups and making overall
arrangements. The tourism administration departments at various levels
shall make timely and specific adjustments to their responsibilities,
clearly define their scope of duties, and rationally deploy their
organizations. In order to effect the separation of government organs from
enterprises, it is imperative to lay stress on the following measures:
(1) The persons in charge of the tourism administration departments shall
not assume concurrently posts of manager of local tourist companies,
tourist agencies, or hotels;
(2) The tourism bureaus shall be completely separated from the enterprises
directly under them in the administration of such aspects as personnel,
finance, and materials, so that the tourist enterprises shall carry on
their business operations independently, and assume sole responsibility
for their profits and losses;
(3) The expenses for the tourism administration departments at various
levels to conduct tourist business operations shall be appropriated by the
finance departments at various levels. In order to strengthen the
connections between tourism administration departments and tourist opera-
ting units, the National Tourism Administration shall, in accordance with
the requirements of work, make necessary adjustments with regard to the
"China Association of Tourism" and the "China Association of Tourist
Hotels", and establish thereby the "China Association of Domestic
Tourism", which shall assist the competent authorities for tourism in
coordinating relations with other departments concerned and in studying
and providing guidance to the development of domestic tourism.

2. Further clarifying the scope of responsibility and the limits of powers
of the tourist administration bureaus, and establishing a system of graded
administration. The subordinative relationship of all the tourist
enterprises and tourist institutions throughout the country-including
institutes and schools of tourism, research institutes of tourism, tourist
agencies that are engaged in the international and domestic tourist
industries; various categories of tourist hotels, guest houses,
restaurants, and tourist automobile and vessels companies for the
reception of foreign tourists; key tourist scenic spots, tourist
attractions, and shops selling tourist goods that are open to foreigners;
tourist representative offices abroad, as well as the tourist
representative offices established in China by foreign tourist agencies-to
the competent administrative authorities directly over them shall remain
unchanged; but the tourist bureau shall, in accordance with the provisions
of the State, implement the system of trade administration, inspection,
and supervision. The tourism administration departments at various levels
shall treat tourist enterprises of various categories equally without
discrimination. The National Tourism Administration shall, in accordance
with the aforesaid principle, and working in coordination with other
departments concerned, make a study of, and work out, ways to implement
the system of graded administration and effect a stricter procedure in
examining and approving the establishment of tourist enterprises. All the
tourist enterprises and tourist institutions shall, without exception,
subject themselves to trade administration and supervision.

3. Deepening the reform in a comprehensive way and implementing the
responsibility system of contracted business operations. The tourism
administration departments at various levels and the departments that run
tourist enterprises shall, taking into consideration the actual conditions
of the local areas and of their own departments, and in accordance with
the pertinent provisions of the State, make a study of, and submit a
report on, a specific plan and practicable procedures for the
implementation of the responsibility system of contracted business
operations in state-run and collectively-run tourist enterprises and, at
the same time, formulate other provisions to perfect such a system. In the
course of implementing the aforesaid responsibility system of contracted
business operations, different forms of contracted business operations may
be adopted, in accordance with the differences in the nature of business
operations (tourists agencies, tourist hotels specialized in receiving
foreign guests, fleets of tourist automobiles and vessels) and business
operations of different conditions (enterprises with profits, enterprises
that have to repay loans, enterprises suffering losses and with a
deficit). All those enterprises that have foreign exchange earnings shall
carry out a contracted target for earning foreign exchange, and work out a
corresponding method for the administration of the settlement of the
exchange. Enterprises, which possess the necessary conditions, may
gradually set up risk funds for themselves. The contractor shall be
finally determined, through various kinds of competition, such as by
inviting tenders, or by advertising for employment. The contract period
shall, in principle, be no shorter than 3 years. Once a contract is
confirmed and signed, the two parties, the contractor and the party
awarding the contract, shall execute the contract strictly, and under no
circumstances shall it be violated. The implementation of the
responsibility system of contracted business operations calls for a close
integration of the improvement of enterprise management and the promotion
of reform in the internal administration system of enterprises, and for
further efforts in reforming and improving the labour wage system and the
policy of reward and punishment, in accordance with the principle of
combining responsibility, power, and profit.

4. Reforming the administration system of tourist agencies. The three
backbone travel services-China International Travel Service, China Travel
Service, and China Youth Travel Service-shall be encouraged and supported
to develop towards the establishment of an integrated complex or
enterprise group.
With respect to those tourist agencies of various categories that have
already been set up, the National Tourism Administration and local tourism
administration departments shall carry out assessment and rectification in
accordance with the provisions in Interim Regulations on the
Administration of Tourist Agencies and Rules of Implementation for Interim
Regulations on the Administration of Tourist Agencies. Tourist agencies of
various categories shall all carry out effectively the reform in the
internal work of their respective tourist agencies, further tap their
potentials, so as to raise standard of their operation and administration,
and to improve the quality of their services.

5. Strengthening overseas tourist publicity and the endeavouring for
soliciting tourists, and striving to expand the international market for
foreign tourists. The National Tourism Administration shall make further
efforts in investigating and analyzing the market for international
tourists, work out specific plans for the expansion of the said
international market, and take measures to put it into practice. Our
resident representative tourist offices abroad shall try their best to
investigate into the market for international tourists and carry out
publicity work for soliciting visiting tourists, take the responsibility
to supervise the publicity and soliciting endeavour carried out abroad by
units in charge of liaison work with foreign countries, actively make
contacts with the institutions concerned, tourist agencies and tourist
wholesalers in countries where our representative tourist offices are
resident, and pay attention to collecting and feeding back relevant
information. Various resident representative tourist offices abroad may,
within the scope of law of the respective countries where they are
resident, and at their discretion, undertake some paid services or other
business operational activities.
Various units in charge of liaison work with foreign countries, while
canvassing among foreigners for tourists itineraries, shall work in close
coordination and take the interests of the whole country into account.
They may not play down the others and compete against them by offering
prices lower than the protective price. Various units in charge of liaison
work with foreign countries shall be encouraged to collaborate on a
voluntary basis to canvass jointly among foreigners. With respect to those
who have violated external liaison disciplines, the National Tourism
Administration and the local tourism administration departments shall,
depending on the seriousness of the cases, impose disciplinary sanctions,
or economic penalty, on the violators. In order to meet the needs of the
development of the tourist industry in our country, the outlay for
conducting tourist publicity and canvassing abroad may be increased with
each passing year. From now on, various units in charge of liaison work
with foreign countries, when canvassing jointly among foreigners may
collect service charges: all units that take part in the canvassing
activities and derive benefits there from shall pay the charges.

6. Strengthening the macro-administration of those newly-built tourist
hotels that specialize in receiving foreign guests and promoting the
reform of hotel administration system. The tourism administration
departments at various levels shall conscientiously implement Interim
Regulations on the Construction and Administration of Storied Buildings,
Halls, Hotels and Guest Houses, promulgated by the State Council on
September 22, 1988, and, working in coordination with the local planning
departments, carry out a checking-up on the projects of local tourist
hotels that specialize in receiving foreign guests. From now on, in
principle, no more high-grade tourist hotels that specialize in receiving
foreign guests shall be built in any place. In areas less frequented than
favourite tourist haunts, medium-and low-grade hotels may be built, in
accordance with the tourist market's demand, and depending on the actual
circumstances, (a number of highgrade rooms may be provided in a
medium-grade hotel, if necessary). In such highly frequented tourist
cities as Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Guilin, Xi'an, and Hangzhou, no
new hotel construction projects with Chinese-foreign joint investment or
by Chinese-foreign cooperation shall, in principle, be approved. In
accordance with the guideline of Document No. 17 (1988) issued by the
General Office under the State Council, it shall be imperative to speed up
the establishment of the hotel administration company of our own country.
In cases where necessity arises for the building of new hotels in form of
Chinese-foreign joint ventures or Chinese-foreign contractual joint
venture, the cases shall be handled in accordance with the provisions in
Document No. 101 (1986) and Document No. 32 (1988), issued by the General
Office under the State Council. As regards the tourist scenic spots and
tourist attraction, built and facilitated with, or partly with the
investment of the National Tourism Administration, the local tourism
administration departments shall take part in the leadership and
administration of the aforesaid tourist places.
Promoting the reform in the hotel administration system. There are now
specific standards for the "star-rating" of the country's tourist hotels
that specialize in receiving foreign guests; the rating process shall be
speeded up and strive to complete the task by the end of next year. The
system for issuing and revoking business licence for tourist hotels that
specialize in receiving foreign guests (including various categories of
tourist agencies and tourist automobiles and vessels companies) shall be
gradually set up. With respect to those tourist enterprises that have
committed serious illegal acts, the competent authorities for tourism may
suggest to the relevant administrative departments for industry and
commerce that the business licences of the aforesaid enterprises be
revoked.

7. Carrying out, with caution, the reform in tourist prices, and
strengthening the administration of the receipts and expenditures in
foreign exchange as well as the settlement of exchange relating to tourist
enterprises. The problem of tourist prices has a direct bearing on the
interests and reputation of the State; therefore it is imperative to
conduct careful investigation and studies before taking cautious steps in
the reform, and submit the reform plan to higher authorities for approval.
It is necessary to reform the price structure so as to fix the tourist
prices more scientifically and reasonably by taking into full
consideration the necessity to meet the challenge of international
competition, and in accordance with the special features of different
tourist itineraries and different seasons (from now on, the National
Tourism Administration and the State Administration for Commodity Prices
shall chiefly fix the ceiling price and the floor price - the protective
price). Once the price principles are determined, the tourist enterprises
at various levels and of various categories shall execute them strictly.
Those who have violated the price discipline shall be dealt with
seriously.
The National Tourism Administration shall, working in coordination with
such departments as the State Statistical Bureau, the State Administration
of Foreign Exchange Control, the Ministry of Finance, and the Bank of
China, strengthen the statistical work on the tourist enterprises'
receipts and expenditures, and tighten the control of the foreign exchange
receipts and expenditures of the tourist enterprises, establish the system
for the settlement of tourist foreign exchange, and bring this work into
line with the State plan. It is imperative to formulate, through studies,
the Measures for Foreign Exchange Control in Tourism and the Measures for
the Financial Administration of Foreign Exchange in Tourism, and submit
these two documents to the State Council for approval before
implementation so as to reverse as early as possible the present situation
of serious drain on foreign exchange earnings from tourism.

8. Developing vigorously the manufacture and marketing of tourist goods
and tourist souvenirs, increasing the volume of the foreign exchange
earning from tourism in our country and improving its economic results.
The manufacture and marketing of tourist goods and tourist souvenirs
constitute an important component part of the tourist industry, and is
also an important channel for earning foreign exchange for the State. It
is imperative to establish gradually a nationwide network for the
production and marketing of tourist goods and tourist souvenirs. For the
aforesaid purpose, the "China Tourist Services Company" under the National
Tourism Administration, the "China Tourist Products Production and Supply
Company" under the Ministry of Light Industry, and the "China Friendship
Services Company" under the Ministry of Commerce shall be taken as the
foundation; their leading role shall be brought into full play, and their
businesses shall be further expanded so that they shall grow into
complexes of enterprises specialized in different lines of business,
handling different assortments of tourist goods and tourist souvenirs.
These complexes of enterprises may establish, in a planned way, a number
of production bases for the production of tourist souvenirs, and a number
of research institutes for carrying on studies in the marketing quotations
of international tourist goods and tourist souvenirs and for developing
new products, so that scientific research and product development will be
combined in the integrated process of production-supply-marketing. It is
necessary to encourage various places, especially the key tourist areas,
to vigorously develop the production of tourist goods and tourist
souvenirs that are of national style with various local colours, to
increase designs and varieties, to expand channels for sources of goods,
to improve sales service, and to strengthen market administration. It is
imperative to implement conscientiously the provisions approved long ago
by the State Council: "the foreign exchange earned through the sales of
tourist goods shall be deemed as the foreign exchange earned by foreign
trade" and to formulate, through studies, specific measures for carrying
out the said provisions; with respect to those export goods which do not
come under the licence control, it is important to expand their sales to
foreign tourists; the selling prices of tourist goods and tourist
souvenirs shall be handled flexibly in accordance with the different
conditions of goods supply, the international market quotations, and the
specific marketing policy pursued by the economic and trade departments.

The special raw and processed materials which are needed for the
development of the production of tourist goods and tourist souvenirs and
are in short supply in the country, shall be brought into the goods supply
channels handled by the departments of goods and materials at various
levels; those raw and processed materials that are imported solely by the
State shall be brought into the plan for importation executed by the
State; the special imported raw and processed materials needed shall be
handled in accordance with the pertinent provisions in Document No. 16
(1987) issued by the General Office under the State Council. As Beijing,
Shanghai, and Guangzhou are the three main ports of entry and exit for
overseas tourists, they shall be turned into cities with sizable tourist
shopping centres and good reputation in Asia. At present, some tourist
hotels that specialize in receiving foreign guests spend a large amount of
foreign exchange in importing fitting-up materials, sanitary utensils,
machinery and electrical equipment, and spare and component parts. In
order to change this situation without delay, from now on, all similar
products which can already be manufactured in our country and reasonably
priced and whose quality and delivery time can be guaranteed shall cease
to be imported. We suggest that a catalogue of products to be restricted
in importation be put forward by the departments concerned and the
importation of the aforesaid products shall be examined and approved by
the administrative departments of the trades concerned.

9. Strengthening the building of a contingent of tourist personnel and
paying close attention to the education in professional ethics and
professional discipline. It is imperative to improve the educational work
in schools and institutes of tourism and the professional training of
tourist personnel, especially the training of qualified specialized
personnel at various levels and of different categories. It is also
imperative to intensify the education in professional ethics and
professional discipline, so as to improve the political and professional
quality of tourist personnel, to foster a sense of honour and
responsibility, to oppose all kinds of unhealthy tendencies, to improve
the quality of tourist services and offer high-quality services, thus
enabling our tourist industry to establish good international reputation
and image.

10. Strengthening the coordination between different departments
concerned. The tourist industry is a comprehensive undertaking, the
development of which relies not only on its own work, but also on the
close coordination with such organizations as the departments of aviation,
communications, city construction, gardens and parks, historical relics,
culture, light industry, textile industry, commerce, and religious
affairs. The tourist industry is also a trans-regional trade, and a large
amount of organizational work shall be done by the local departments; a
harmonious coordination is thus indispensable. Tourist departments at
various levels shall strengthen their coordination with other departments
concerned and make joint efforts in promoting a sound and co-ordinated
development of the tourist industry in our country.



1988年12月21日

黑龙江省城镇公有房产管理条例

黑龙江省人大常委会


黑龙江省城镇公有房产管理条例
黑龙江省人大常委会


(1986年5月16日黑龙江省第六届人民代表大会常务委员会第二十二次会议批准 1986年5月23日黑龙江省人民政府发布)

目 录

第一章 总 则
第二章 产 权
第三章 租 赁
第四章 买卖与互换
第五章 修 缮
第六章 法律责任
第七章 附 则

第一章 总 则
第一条 为了加强城镇公有房管理,充分发挥房屋的效用,为四化建设和人民生活服务,根据国家有关规定,结合我省情况,制定本条例。
第二条 本条例适用于本省城市、建制镇公有房产的管理。
第三条 全民所有制单位购建和依法收归国有的房产,为全民所有;集体所有制单位购建的房产,为集体所有。全民所有的和集体所有的房产均为公有房产。
第四条 省、市、地、县设置的房产部门,是本级人民政府、行政公署的房产主管部门,负责管理、指导本行政区域内的房产事业,组织监督实施本条例。
第五条 房产主管部门的房产,产权属于归口经营单位,由其经营管理;机关、团体、企业、事业单位自有房产,在当地房产主管部门的指导下,自行经营管理。
第六条 及时修缮公有房产,保证基本使用功能,是产权单位应尽的责任。爱护公有房产及附属设备,是承租人应尽的义务。

第二章 产 权
第七条 公有房产实行产权登记。产权单位应持产籍资料、证件,向当地房产主管部门申请办理登记手续,领取公有房产产权证明,产权方受法律保护。
新建公有房屋,产权单位应在房屋竣工验收后一个月内,向当地房产主管部门申请、领取公有房产产权证照。
拆除公有房屋,应事先向当地房产主管部门办理手续。
第八条 公有房屋产权变更或改变用途时,产权单位应向当地房产主管部门办理手续。
第九条 房产归口经营单位的房产,不准无偿拨用。过去无偿拨用的房产,其产权仍属房产归口经营单位所有。使用单位因撤销、合并、搬迁不使用时,房产应退交房产归口经营单位,不准擅自拆除、变卖、转让、转租、转借。对擅自转让、转租、转借的房产,应限期收回,并收回转
租期间所得的全部租金,对擅自拆除、变卖的、应赔偿损失,并收缴变卖的全部所得。
过去无偿拨用的房产,改做生产、营业使用的,由房产归口经营单位按公企用房租金标准起租。
第十条 任何单位或个人,不准以任何借口平调、索要、强占公有房产。平调、索要、强占的房产,应限期退出,追缴居住期间的租金。
第十一条 未经城市规划部门批准,不准依附公有房屋接建建筑物,擅自接建的,应限期拆除;经批准接建使原建筑物损坏的,由新建单位负责修复。

第三章 租 赁
第十二条 承租公有房屋的单位或个人为承租人。承租人承租房屋时,应向产权单位提出申请,签订租赁合同后,方可使用。
第十三条 承租人租用的公有房屋,不使用时,应在迁出前五日内向产权单位办理退租手续,付清租金,交清设备。
第十四条 承租人租用的公有住宅用房,不准转租。转租的,应限期收回,并没收非法所得。
过去转租的公有住宅用房,应由产权单位收回转租的房屋,建立新的租赁关系。
承租人租用的公企用房,不准私自转租。过去转租的,由当地房产主管部门清理、审查,建立新的租赁关系。
第十五条 承租人租用的公有房屋,不准私自转让、转借和改变用途。私自转让、转借、改变用途的,应限期收回,并没收非法所得。
第十六条 承租人租用的公有住宅用房,无正当理由空闲三个月以上者,由产权单位收回。
第十七条 承租人未经产权单位同意,不准改建、拆除房产的原有设备;不准自行增添、拆除与主体结构相连接的设备。损坏房产及设备的,应限期修复;造成损失的,应作价赔偿。
第十八条 承租人进行对公有房产有腐蚀、损坏作用的生产时,应装设保护设施,经产权单位审查同意后,方可使用。擅自进行上述生产的,应令其停产;造成损失的,应作价赔偿。
第十九条 机关、团体、企业、事业单位使用的公企用房,按建筑面积计租;住宅用房,按使用面积计租。
承租人按租赁合同交纳房租和按规定交纳采暖费,不准借口拒付或拖欠。
第二十条 产权单位应及时收取租金和采暖费,不准挪用、侵占。
第二十一条 公有房产的租金标准,由省人民政府制定。
第二十二条 产权单位不准将公有房屋免租交给个人自修自住;过去交出的,应收回计租或作价出售。
第二十三条 产权单位无力经营的公有房产,可以委托当地房产经营单位或其他单位代管,不准放弃管理。

第四章 买卖与互换
第二十四条 公有房产允许买卖。买卖时,应由当地房产主管部门审查产权证照、房产评价、办理产权变更手续。
未经房产主管部门办理手续买卖公有房产的,应按规定补交契税,并没收非法所得。
第二十五条 房产主管部门根据有利生产、方便生活、自愿互利的原则,组织开展房屋互换活动,产权单位和有关部门应予支持。
第二十六条 承租人需要互换房屋时,应事先征得产权单位同意。互换后,原租赁合同即行停止,新承租人与产权单位即行签订租赁合同。

第五章 修 缮
第二十七条 房产经营单位应把人力、财力、物力主要用于房屋修缮,租金用于房屋修缮的比例不得少于国家的规定;定期检查房屋状况,解决承租人合理的修缮要求。
第二十八条 房产经营单位应保持房屋的门窗、烟囱、采暖、照明设施完好和室内上水、下水管道畅通,保证采暖间室内的适宜温度。及时修缮屋面、天棚、地面、墙壁和墙的基础,保证居住和使用安全。因维修不善,给承租人造成损失的,应予赔偿。
第二十九条 过去拨用的公有房产,由使用单位负责修缮。
第三十条 任何人不准阻碍公有房产的修缮;不准用公款、公物对住宅用房进行特殊修缮。进行特殊修缮的,工料费由承租人自付。
第三十一条 承租人因使用不当或人为损坏公有房产及设备的,由承租人负责修复。
第三十二条 凡属两个以上单位共有或同山共脊房产的修缮,是产权单位的共同责任,修缮费用应合理负担。

第六章 法律责任
第三十三条 违反本条例情节轻微的,产权单位应给予批评、教育;经教育不改或情节较重的,产权单位可向当地房产主管部门提出申请,由房产主管部门处以五百元以下罚款。
第三十四条 违反本条例的机关、团体、企业、事业单位支付的经济赔偿和罚款,从其利润留成或包干经费中支付。对个人的罚款由个人自付。
第三十五条 收缴的罚没款,按国家和省有关规定处理。
第三十六条 违反本条例情节严重的,产权单位提出处理建议,由当事人的主管部门给予行政处分。
第三十七条 房产主管部门和产权单位的房管工作人员,执行本条例有弄虚作假、徇私舞弊、敲诈勒索、违法乱纪行为的,应从严处理。
第三十八条 对房产主管部门处理不服的,自接到处理通知书之日起十五日内,可向当地人民法院起诉;期满不起诉又不履行的,房产主管部门可申请人民法院强制执行。
第三十九条 违反本条例,触犯《中华人民共和国治安管理处罚条例》的,由公安机关给予治安处罚;构成犯罪的,由司法机关依法追究刑事责任。

第七章 附 则
第四十条 乡和非建制镇公有房产的管理,可参照本条例执行。
第四十一条 省建设委员会可根据本条例规定,制订实施细则,经省人民政府批准后实施。
第四十二条 本条例如与国家规定有抵触时,按国家规定执行;过去省内有关规定与本条例有抵触的,按本条例执行。

第四十三条 本条例自1986年7月1日起施行。



1986年5月23日

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